geom_label
geom_bump
Autor

Víctor Gauto

Fecha de publicación

2 de abril de 2026

Cantidad de países que pueden visitarse sin una visa previa, para portadores de pasaportes de una selección de países sudamericanos.

Semana 36, 2025

Paquetes

Ocultar código 
library(glue)
library(ggtext)
library(showtext)
library(tidyverse)

Estilos

Colores.

Ocultar código 
c1 <- "#48171C"
c2 <- "#004042"
c3 <- "white"
c4 <- "black"
c5 <- "grey60"
c6 <- "grey90"
c7 <- "grey95"

Fuentes: Ubuntu y JetBrains Mono.

Ocultar código 
font_add(
  family = "ubuntu",
  regular = "././fuente/Ubuntu-Regular.ttf",
  bold = "././fuente/Ubuntu-Bold.ttf",
  italic = "././fuente/Ubuntu-Italic.ttf"
)

font_add(
  family = "jet",
  regular = "././fuente/JetBrainsMonoNLNerdFontMono-Regular.ttf"
)

showtext_auto()
showtext_opts(dpi = 300)

Epígrafe

Ocultar código 
fuente <- glue(
  "Datos: <span style='color:{c1};'><span style='font-family:jet;'>",
  "{{<b>tidytuesdayR</b>}}</span> semana 36, ",
  "<b>Henley Passport Index</b>.</span>"
)

autor <- glue("<span style='color:{c1};'>**Víctor Gauto**</span>")
icon_twitter <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf099;</span>")
icon_instagram <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf16d;</span>")
icon_github <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf09b;</span>")
icon_mastodon <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf0ad1;</span>")
icon_bsky <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xe28e;</span>")
usuario <- glue("<span style='color:{c1};'>**vhgauto**</span>")
sep <- glue("**|**")

mi_caption <- glue(
  "{fuente}<br>{autor} {sep} {icon_github} {icon_twitter} {icon_instagram} ",
  "{icon_mastodon} {icon_bsky} {usuario}"
)

Datos

Ocultar código 
tuesdata <- tidytuesdayR::tt_load(2025, 36)
rank_by_year <- tuesdata$rank_by_year

Procesamiento

Me interesa la cantidad de países que se pueden visitar con cada pasaporte.

Selección de países sudamericanos y paleta de colores.

Ocultar código 
paises <- c(
  "Argentina",
  "Chile",
  "Brazil",
  "Uruguay",
  "Bolivia",
  "Venezuela",
  "Colombia",
  "Paraguay",
  "Ecuador"
)

colores <- c(
  MoMAColors::moma.colors(palette_name = "Abbott"),
  c1
)

Filtro los datos, aplico colores y genero factores, considerando la traducción de Brasil.

Ocultar código 
d <- rank_by_year |>
  filter(country %in% paises) |>
  filter(visa_free_count != 0) |>
  mutate(id = map_dbl(.x = country, ~ which(.x == paises))) |>
  mutate(color = colores[id]) |>
  mutate(
    label = glue("<b style='color: {color}'>{country}</b>")
  ) |>
  arrange(country, year) |>
  mutate(label = str_replace(label, "Brazil", "Brasil")) |>
  mutate(label = fct_inorder(label))

Obtengo los valores para los años extremos y aplico espaciado a las etiquetas.

Ocultar código 
espacio <- 5

d_min <- slice_min(d, order_by = year, n = 1)

d_max <- slice_max(d, order_by = year, n = 1)

d_min_max <- rbind(d_min, d_max) |>
  mutate(
    visa_free_count = if_else(
      year == 2006,
      visa_free_count + espacio,
      visa_free_count - espacio
    )
  ) |>
  mutate(hjust = if_else(year == 2006, 1, 0))

Figura

Título y figura.

Ocultar código 
mi_titulo <- glue(
  "Evolución de la cantidad de países que se pueden visitar **SIN** una",
  "<span style='color: {colores[1]}'>*visa*</span> previa para una selección",
  "de <b style='color: {colores[8]}'>países sudamericanos</b>",
  .sep = " "
)

g <- ggplot(d, aes(year, visa_free_count, color = country)) +
  geom_label(
    data = d_min_max,
    aes(year, visa_free_count, label = visa_free_count, hjust = hjust),
    family = "jet",
    fill = c6,
    label.size = unit(0, "pt"),
    label.r = unit(0, "pt"),
    label.padding = unit(2, "pt"),
    fontface = "bold"
  ) +
  ggbump::geom_bump(linewidth = 3, lineend = "round") +
  ggbump::geom_bump(
    data = select(d, -label),
    aes(year, visa_free_count, group = country),
    inherit.aes = FALSE,
    linewidth = 1,
    alpha = .2,
    lineend = "round",
    color = c5
  ) +
  ggbump::geom_bump(
    aes(group = country),
    linewidth = .7,
    lineend = "round",
    color = c7
  ) +
  facet_wrap(vars(label), ncol = 3, scales = "fixed", axes = "margins") +
  scale_color_manual(
    breaks = paises,
    values = colores
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = scales::breaks_width(50)) +
  coord_cartesian(clip = "off") +
  labs(y = NULL, x = NULL, title = mi_titulo, caption = mi_caption) +
  theme_void(base_size = 12, base_family = "ubuntu") +
  theme(
    aspect.ratio = 1,
    plot.background = element_rect(fill = c7, color = NA),
    plot.margin = margin(t = 10, b = 7, r = 13, l = 10),
    plot.title = element_textbox_simple(
      size = rel(1.7),
      margin = margin(b = 8)
    ),
    plot.caption = element_markdown(
      color = c2,
      size = rel(1.1),
      lineheight = 1.1,
      margin = margin(t = 13)
    ),
    legend.position = "none",
    axis.text.x = element_text(
      family = "jet",
      size = rel(1.1),
      color = c4,
      margin = margin(t = 3)
    ),
    axis.text.y = element_text(
      family = "jet",
      color = c5,
      size = rel(.9),
      hjust = 1,
      angle = 90
    ),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = c6, color = NA),
    panel.grid.major = element_line(
      color = c5,
      linewidth = .1,
      linetype = "FF"
    ),
    panel.spacing.x = unit(25, "pt"),
    panel.spacing.y = unit(10, "pt"),
    strip.text = element_markdown(
      hjust = 0,
      fill = c7,
      padding = unit(c(3, 3, 3, 3), "pt"),
      size = rel(1.7),
      margin = margin(b = -30)
    ),
    strip.background = element_blank()
  )

Guardo.

Ocultar código 
ggsave(
  plot = g,
  filename = "tidytuesday/2025/semana_36.png",
  width = 30,
  height = 33,
  units = "cm"
)
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