# paquetes ----------------------------------------------------------------
library(tidyverse)
library(rvest)
library(ggrepel)
library(glue)
library(ggtext)
library(showtext)
c1 <- "#f7f4f9"
c2 <- "grey10"
c3 <- "#381a61"
c4 <- "#fed9a6"
c5 <- "grey70"
c6 <- "#7c4b73"
# años, eje vertical
font_add_google(name = "Bebas Neue", family = "bebas", db_cache = TRUE)
# título
font_add_google(name = "Libre Baskerville", family = "libre", db_cache = FALSE)
# resto del texto
font_add_google(name = "Ubuntu", family = "ubuntu", db_cache = FALSE)
showtext_auto()
showtext_opts(dpi = 300)
# íconos
font_add("fa-brands", "icon/Font Awesome 6 Brands-Regular-400.otf")
showtext_auto()
showtext_opts(dpi = 300)
# caption
fuente <- glue("Datos: <span style='color:{c3};'><span style='font-family:mono;'>{{<b>tidytuesdayR</b>}}</span> semana 22, Wikipedia</span>")
autor <- glue("Autor: <span style='color:{c3};'>**Víctor Gauto**</span>")
icon_twitter <- glue("<span style='font-family:fa-brands;'></span>")
icon_github <- glue("<span style='font-family:fa-brands;'></span>")
usuario <- glue("<span style='color:{c3};'>**vhgauto**</span>")
sep <- glue("**|**")
mi_caption <- glue("{fuente} {sep} {autor} {sep} {icon_github} {icon_twitter} {usuario}")
# datos -------------------------------------------------------------------
browseURL("https://github.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/blob/master/data/2023/2023-05-30/readme.md")
centenarians <- readr::read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/master/data/2023/2023-05-30/centenarians.csv')
# selecciono la persona más longeva, Jeanne Calment
jeanne <- centenarians |>
slice_max(order_by = age, n = 1) |>
mutate(y = 0, yend = 1) |>
select(name, birth_date, death_date) |>
pivot_longer(cols = -name, names_to = "estado", values_to = "fecha") |>
mutate(etq = format(fecha, "%d/%m/%Y")) |>
mutate(vjust = if_else(estado == "birth_date", 1, 0))
# sitio de Wikipedia con una tabla con los presidentes argentinos y fechas
link <- "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo%3APresidentes_de_la_Naci%C3%B3n_Argentina"
# datos de los presidentes argentinos
wi <- link %>%
read_html() |>
html_element("table") %>%
html_table()
# limpio datos de presidentes argentinos
pr <- wi |>
janitor::clean_names() |>
select(-1, -2) |>
select(presi = presidente_de_la_nacion_3, inicio = inicio_del_gobierno, fin = fin_del_gobierno) |>
filter(!str_detect(presi, "inexistente")) |>
separate(col = presi, into = c("presi", NA), sep = "\(") |>
separate(col = inicio, into = c("inicio", NA), sep = "\[") |>
separate(col = fin, into = c("fin", NA), sep = "\[") |>
# el presidente actual no posee fecha 'fin'
filter(presi != "Alberto Fernández") |>
mutate(across(.cols = c(inicio, fin), .fns = dmy))
# filtro los datos de presidentes al intervalo de Jeanne Calment
pr2 <- pr |>
# filter(between(inicio, min(jeanne$fecha), max(jeanne$fecha))) |>
filter(between(inicio, min(jeanne$fecha), max(jeanne$fecha))) |>
distinct() |>
mutate(fila = row_number()) |>
mutate()
# divido los datos, presidentes pares a la izquierda
pr2_izq <- pr2 |>
filter(fila %% 2 == 0)
# divido los datos, presidentes impares a la derecha
pr2_der <- pr2 |>
filter(fila %% 2 != 0)
nic_ave <- pr |>
filter(year(inicio) == 1874)
# figura ------------------------------------------------------------------
g <- ggplot() +
# horizontales c/25 años
geom_hline(
yintercept = seq(ymd(18750101), ymd(20000101), "25 year"),
color = c5, linewidth = .25, linetype = "ff") +
# vertical central
geom_segment(
aes(x = 0, xend = 0, y = ymd("1875-02-21"), yend = ymd("1997-08-04")),
color = c4, linewidth = 3) +
# presidentes
geom_text_repel(
data = pr2_der, aes(x = 0, y = inicio, label = presi),
xlim = c(.1, 2), size = 8, seed = 2023, family = "ubuntu", color = c3) +
geom_text_repel(
data = pr2_izq, aes(x = 0, y = inicio, label = presi),
xlim = c(-2, -.1), size = 8, seed = 2023, family = "ubuntu", color = c3) +
geom_text_repel(
data = nic_ave, aes(x = 0, y = inicio, label = presi),
xlim = c(-2, -.2), size = 8, seed = 2023, family = "ubuntu", color = c3) +
# nacimiento/fallecimiento
geom_richtext(
data = jeanne, aes(x = 0, y = fecha, label = etq, vjust = vjust),
color = c3, fill = c4, size = 11, label.padding = unit(.4, "line"),
label.color = NA, family = "ubuntu") +
# puntos presidentes sobre vertical central
geom_point(data = pr2, aes(x = 0, y = inicio), color = "#ec7014", size = 2) +
# ejes
scale_x_continuous(limits = c(-.7, .7), expand = c(0, 0)) +
scale_y_date(
breaks = seq(ymd(18750101), ymd(20000101), "25 year"),
expand = c(0, 0), limits = c(ymd(18700101), ymd(20000101)),
date_labels = "%Y",) +
coord_cartesian(clip = "off") +
labs(x = NULL, y = NULL,
title = "Jeanne Calment vivió 122 años",
subtitle = glue(
"**Jeanne Calment** es considerada la persona más longeva de la
historia. Nació en Francia en **1875** y falleció en **1997**. Para dar
dimensión a su extensa vida, se muestran los **{nrow(pr2)}** presidentes
argentinos (democráticos y de facto) que tuvimos durante este período."),
caption = mi_caption) +
# tema
theme(
aspect.ratio = 1.95,
plot.margin = margin(5, 29.5, 5, 29.5),
plot.background = element_rect(
fill = c1, color = c6, linewidth = 3),
plot.title.position = "plot",
plot.title = element_markdown(
size = 52, color = c3, family = "libre", margin = margin(5, 0, 5, 0), hjust = 0),
plot.subtitle = element_textbox_simple(
color = c2, size = 22, margin = margin(5, 0, 35, 7), family = "ubuntu"),
plot.caption = element_markdown(
hjust = .3, size = 15, color = c2, family = "ubuntu"),
panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA, color = NA),
panel.grid = element_blank(),
axis.text.y = element_text(color = c5, family = "bebas", size = 40),
axis.text.x = element_blank(),
axis.ticks = element_blank())
# guardo
ggsave(
filename = "2023/semana_22/viz.png",
plot = g,
width = 30,
height = 58,
units = "cm",
dpi = 300)
# abro
browseURL("2023/semana_22/viz.png")
